IDENTIFY FIVE (5) Literary works from five (5) different generations or periods in our history.
For each literary piece, be able to give its COMPLETE TITLE and identify its LITERARY CLASSIFICATION. Write a short but comprehensive SUMMARY. Enumerate three (3) ANALOGIES. Highlight three (3) values that you will share to ECED children and how they can learn from it.
THE ANATOMY OF A FILIPINO
By: Prof. Felix Bautista
*Written under U.S colonialism
*I classify this piece of literature as INTERPRETATIVE LITERATURE because it helps us to understand the deeper meaning of race. It is a piece for speech choir.
*SUMMARY:
The writer does many things foreign such as speaking in english, drinking american coke, eating Italian pizza pie, and many alike. He confessed that he is a bewildered young man, asking and searching for his national identity. Others urge him to act and think, and buy Filipino. And in the end, he found himself a true Filipino. After all, Filipinism is in the heart.
*ANALOGIES:
- Being a product of mixed races, it is inevitable to love and adapt foreign things.
- It is not wrong to adapt the culture and lifestyle of neighboring countries but do not forget that we too have our own culture and way of living.
- Despite foreign doings, we still are true Filipinos.
*VALUES:
- We, Filipinos must love Philippines because it is our nation. We should be proud for having a Filipino heart.
- People of the Philippines must learn to appreciate all we have in our country including its rich natural resources because it is God-given.
- We have to enjoy the priveleges of a Filipino being.
THE MONKEY'S POINT OF VIEW
-anonymous*The piece was written by an anonymous and shows no date which made it impossible for me to know the generation it was written but I guess it belongs to tha modern times.
*This poem is a mix of interpretative literature for the reason that it makes us think and also an escape literature because it's entertaining, using monkey as its character.
*SUMMARY:
The poem is short so I just copy-paste it.
Three monkeys in a coconut tree discussing things as they’re said to be,
Said one to the others, "Now listen you two,
There’s a certain rumor that can’t be true,
That man descended from our noble race.
No monkey ever deserted his wife,
Starved her babies, and ruined her life.
And you’ve never known of a mother monk to leave her babies with others to bunk.
Or pass them on from one to the other, till hardly is known who is their mother.
And another thing you’ll never see, a monk build a fence around a coconut tree.
If I’d put a fence around the tree, starvation would force you to steal from me.
Here’s another thing a monk won’t do;
Go out at night and get on a stew; Or use a club or gun or a knife and take some other monk’s life.
Yes, man descended, the ornery cuss, But brother--he didn’t descend from us!"
*ANALOGIES:
- Funny thinking how a man tried hard enough to deny that he comes from monkeys and a hilarious thinking how a monkey denied that man descend from them!
- I agree to the monkey's point of view. Men ruin their lives doing unfavorable things.
- It is sad to know that monkey's point of view among men are pure negative. They even didn't look at the positive side of human being. I wonder if men came to these extent.
*VALUES:
- This literary work can either be for entertainment or for the purpose of moralizing.
- It may make the reader understand and appreciate what the monkey is trying to imply.
- This poem also inspires the reader to make him/her a better person to prove the monkey that he is not what the monkey thinks.
KATAPUSANG HIBIK NG PILIPINAS
-Andres Bonifacio
*Revolutionary period
*This is an interpretative literature because the poem makes us understand the predicament of Philippines.
*SUMMARY:
"Katapusang Hibik ng Pilipinas" portrays the difficult situation of the child, which refers to the Philippines, in the hands of Spain as its mother. Through this poem, Bonifacio warned the Spain that the Final cry of the Philippines comes nearer and nearer. Because of the pain our country is enduring for a long time, the Philippines will rise against Spain.
*ANALOGIES:
-The poem states the injustice and brutal treatment the Filipinos experienced under Spanish colonization. How rude they are!
- They ( Spaniards ) don't have the right to treat us that way! To think that it's our territory ! Huh !
- It is natural that Bonifacio felt that way. I'm sure his fellowmen felt that way too.
*VALUES:
- We must learn to fight if we are on the right path.
- Don't let others make you an underdog.
- Writing poem is not only a hobby. It can also be an outlet.
BIAG-NI-LAM-ANG
-Ilocano epic
*Pre-spanish period
*Escape Literature; epic
*SUMMARY:
Don Juan and his wife Namongan lived in Nalbuan, now part of La Union in the northern part of the Philippines. They had a son named Lam-ang. Before Lam-ang was born, Don Juan went to the mountains in order to punish a group of their Igorot enemies. While he was away, his son Lam-ang was born. It took four people to help Namongan give birth. As soon as the baby boy popped out, he spoke and asked that he be given the name Lam-ang. He also chose his godparents and asked where his father was.
After nine months of waiting for his father to return, Lam-ang decided he would go look for him. Namongan thought Lam-ang was up to the challenge but she was sad to let him go. During his exhausting journey, he decided to rest for awhile. He fell asleep and had a dream about his father's head being stuck on a pole by the Igorot. Lam-ang was furious when he learned what had happened to his father. He rushed to their village and killed them all, except for one whom he let go so that he could tell other people about Lam-ang's greatness.
Upon returning to Nalbuan in triumph, he was bathed by women in the Amburayan river. All the fish died because of the dirt and odor from Lam-ang's body.
There was a young woman named Ines Kannoyan whom Lam-ang wanted to woo. She lived in Calanutian and he brought along his white rooster and gray dog to visit her. On the way, Lam-ang met his enemy Sumarang, another suitor of Ines whom he fought and readily defeated.
Lam-ang found the house of Ines surrounded by many suitors all of whom were trying to catch her attention. He had his rooster crow, which caused a nearby house to fall. This made Ines look out. He had his dog bark and in an instant the fallen house rose up again. The girl's parents witnessed this and called for him. The rooster expressed the love of Lam-ang. The parents agreed to a marriage with their daughter if Lam-ang would give them a dowry valued at double their wealth. Lam-ang had no problem fulfilling this condition and he and Ines were married.
It was a tradition to have a newly married man swim in the river for the rarang fish. Unfortunately, Lam-ang dove straight into the mouth of the water monster Berkakan. Ines had Marcos get his bones, which she covered with a piece of cloth. His rooster crowed and his dog barked and slowly the bones started to move. Back alive, Lam-ang and his wife lived happily ever after with his white rooster and gray dog.
It was a tradition to have a newly married man swim in the river for the rarang fish. Unfortunately, Lam-ang dove straight into the mouth of the water monster Berkakan. Ines had Marcos get his bones, which she covered with a piece of cloth. His rooster crowed and his dog barked and slowly the bones started to move. Back alive, Lam-ang and his wife lived happily ever after with his white rooster and gray dog.
*ANALOGIES:
-Biag ni Lam-ang ( Life of Lam-ang) is an epic which depicts the heroic deeds of a young man with innate powers named Lam-ang. It comes from Ilocos region.
-A myth that widens and plays in the imagination of the readers and leaves moral lesson as well.
-A myth that widens and plays in the imagination of the readers and leaves moral lesson as well.
- The story shows mixed flavor of bravery, revenge, romance, magic, love for the family and even for friends; not to mention the peculiar pets of Lam-ang.
*VALUES:
- It teaches the children love of parents. Lam-ang wanders because he wanted to rescue his father.
- It is very Filipino. It shows culture and tradition of Filipinos that we should be proud of. Also, the different characteristics of Ilocanos like being adventurous, brave, and loving which lam-ang represents.
- This epic teaches us that even though life is full of trials and obstacles, these are not reasons to give up but to strive harder to be triumphant.
NOLI ME TANGERE
-Dr. Jose Rizal
*Spanish period
* This novel is both INTERPRETATIVE and ESCAPE LITERATURE.
*SUMMARY:
Having completed his studies in Europe, young Juan Crisóstomo Ibarra y Magsalin came back to the Philippines after a 7-year absence. In his honor, Don Santiago de los Santos, a family friend commonly known as Captain Tiago, threw a get-together party, which was attended by friars and other prominent figures. One of the guests, former San Diego curate Fray Dámaso Vardolagas belittled and slandered Ibarra. Ibarra brushed off the insults and took no offense; he instead politely excused himself and left the party because of an allegedly important task.
*ANALOGIES:
- It introduced realism. In fact, the places, characters, and situations really existed. "The facts I narrate there," said Rizal, " are all true and have happened; I can prove them."
-Every character and situation reflects something. For example, Maria Clara is a symbol of virtues and nobility of the Filipina woman. But looking at her flaw, it was later revealed that she is an illegitimate of Father Damaso. Another character is Sisa. "A woman of natural beauty… and love for her children…" . There is also the bad rainy season which depicts the anger of the character.
- He wanted his fellow Filipinos to be aware of the cruelty of Spaniards and the miseries they are up to. Actually, they are already aware but don't have the courage to fight the Spaniards.
*VALUES:
- This novel awakens the nationalistic heart of the Filipinos.
- Learn to fight in a peaceful manner.
- This novel portrayed the critical view of our country during Spanish period which we should be aware of.
NOLI ME TANGERE
-Dr. Jose Rizal
*Spanish period
* This novel is both INTERPRETATIVE and ESCAPE LITERATURE.
*SUMMARY:
Having completed his studies in Europe, young Juan Crisóstomo Ibarra y Magsalin came back to the Philippines after a 7-year absence. In his honor, Don Santiago de los Santos, a family friend commonly known as Captain Tiago, threw a get-together party, which was attended by friars and other prominent figures. One of the guests, former San Diego curate Fray Dámaso Vardolagas belittled and slandered Ibarra. Ibarra brushed off the insults and took no offense; he instead politely excused himself and left the party because of an allegedly important task.
The next day, Ibarra visits María Clara, his betrothed, the beautiful daughter of Captain Tiago and affluent resident of Binondo. Their long-standing love was clearly manifested in this meeting, and María Clara cannot help but reread the letters her sweetheart had written her before he went to Europe. Before Ibarra left for San Diego, Lieutenant Guevara, a Civil Guard, reveals to him the incidents preceding the death of his father, Don Rafael Ibarra, a rich hacendero of the town.
According to Guevara, Don Rafael was unjustly accused of being a heretic, in addition to being a subservient — an allegation brought forth by Dámaso because of Don Rafael's non-participation in the Sacraments, such as Confession and Mass. Dámaso's animosity against Ibarra's father is aggravated by another incident when Don Rafael helped out on a fight between a tax collector and a child fighting, and the former's death was blamed on him, although it was not deliberate. Suddenly, all of those who thought ill of him surfaced with additional complaints. He was imprisoned, and just when the matter was almost settled, he died of sickness in jail. Still not content with what he had done, Dámaso arranged for Don Rafael's corpse to be dug up from the Catholic church and brought to a Chinese cemetery, because he thought it inappropriate to allow a heretic a Catholic burial ground. Unfortunately, it was raining and because of the bothersome weight of the body, the undertakers decide to throw the corpse into a nearby lake.[1]
Revenge was not in Ibarra's plans, instead he carried through his father's plan of putting up a school, since he believed that education would pave the way to his country's progress (all over the novel the author refers to both Spain and the Philippines as two different countries, which form part of a same nation or family, being Spain the mother and the Philippines the daughter). During the inauguration of the school, Ibarra would have been killed in a sabotage had Elías — a mysterious man who had warned Ibarra earlier of a plot to assassinate him — not saved him. Instead the hired killer met an unfortunate incident and died. The sequence of events proved to be too traumatic for María Clara who got seriously ill but was luckily cured by the medicine Ibarra sent.
After the inauguration, Ibarra hosted a luncheon during which Dámaso, gate-crashing the luncheon, again insulted him. Ibarra ignored the priest's insolence, but when the latter slandered the memory of his dead father, he was no longer able to restrain himself and lunged at Dámaso, prepared to stab him for his impudence. As a consequence, Dámaso excommunicatedIbarra, taking this opportunity to persuade the already-hesitant Tiago to forbid his daughter from marrying Ibarra. The friar wished María Clara to marry Linares, a Peninsular who had just arrived from Spain.
With the help of the Governor-General, Ibarra's excommunication was nullified and the Archbishop decided to accept him as a member of the Church once again. But, as fate would have it, some incident of which Ibarra had known nothing about was blamed on him, and he is wrongly arrested and imprisoned. The accusation against him was then overruled because during the litigation that followed, nobody could testify that he was indeed involved. Unfortunately, his letter to María Clara somehow got into the hands of the jury and is manipulated such that it then became evidence against him by the parish priest, Fray Salví. With Machiavellian precision, Salví framed Ibarra and ruined his life just so he could stop him from marrying María Clara and making the latter his concubine.
Meanwhile, in Capitan Tiago's residence, a party was being held to announce the upcoming wedding of María Clara and Linares. Ibarra, with the help of Elías, took this opportunity to escape from prison. Before leaving, Ibarra spoke to María Clara and accused her of betraying him, thinking that she gave the letter he wrote her to the jury. María Clara explained that she would never conspire against him, but that she was forced to surrender Ibarra's letter to Father Salvi, in exchange for the letters written by her mother even before she, María Clara, was born. The letters were from her mother, Pía Alba, to Dámaso alluding to their unborn child; and that María Clara was therefore not Captain Tiago's biological daughter, but Dámaso's.
Afterwards, Ibarra and Elías fled by boat. Elías instructed Ibarra to lie down, covering him with grass to conceal his presence. As luck would have it, they were spotted by their enemies. Elías, thinking he could outsmart them, jumped into the water. The guards rained shots on him, all the while not knowing that they were aiming at the wrong man.
María Clara, thinking that Ibarra had been killed in the shooting incident, was greatly overcome with grief. Robbed of hope and severely disillusioned, she asked Dámaso to confine her into a nunnery. Dámaso reluctantly agreed when she threatened to take her own life, demanding, "the nunnery or death!"[2] Unbeknownst to her, Ibarra was still alive and able to escape. It was Elías who had taken the shots.
It was Christmas Eve when Elías woke up in the forest fatally wounded, as it is here where he instructed Ibarra to meet him. Instead, Elías found the altar boy Basilio cradling his already-dead mother, Sisa. The latter lost her mind when she learned that her two sons, Crispín and Basilio, were chased out of the convent by the sacristan mayor on suspicions of stealing sacred objects. (The truth is that, it was the sacristan mayor who stole the objects and only pinned the blame on the two boys. The said sacristan mayor actually killed Crispín while interrogating him on the supposed location of the sacred objects. It was implied that the body was never found and the incident was covered-up by Salví).
Elías, convinced that he would die soon, instructs Basilio to build a funeral pyre and burn his and Sisa's bodies to ashes. He tells Basilio that, if nobody reaches the place, he come back later on and dig for he will find gold. He also tells him (Basilio) to take the gold he finds and go to school. In his dying breath, he instructed Basilio to continue dreaming about freedom for his motherland with the words: "I shall die without seeing the dawn break upon my homeland. You, who shall see it, salute it! Do not forget those who have fallen during the night." He died thereafter.
In the epilogue, it was explained that Tiago became addicted to opium and was seen to frequent the opium house in Binondo to satiate his addiction. María Clara became a nun where Salví, who has lusted over her from the beginning of the novel, regularly used her to fulfill his lust. One stormy evening, a beautiful crazy woman was seen at the top of the convent crying and cursing the heavens for the fate it has handed her. While the woman was never identified, it is suggested that the said woman was María Clara.
( from wikipedia )
- It introduced realism. In fact, the places, characters, and situations really existed. "The facts I narrate there," said Rizal, " are all true and have happened; I can prove them."
-Every character and situation reflects something. For example, Maria Clara is a symbol of virtues and nobility of the Filipina woman. But looking at her flaw, it was later revealed that she is an illegitimate of Father Damaso. Another character is Sisa. "A woman of natural beauty… and love for her children…" . There is also the bad rainy season which depicts the anger of the character.
- He wanted his fellow Filipinos to be aware of the cruelty of Spaniards and the miseries they are up to. Actually, they are already aware but don't have the courage to fight the Spaniards.
*VALUES:
- This novel awakens the nationalistic heart of the Filipinos.
- Learn to fight in a peaceful manner.
- This novel portrayed the critical view of our country during Spanish period which we should be aware of.
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